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  • 28 February 2015 Volume 24 Issue 1
      
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  • Adaptive Response of DNA Damage on Thymocytes Induced by Low Doses Radiation of 131I in Mice
    WAN Shu-li, DONGYE Guang-zhi, PANG Xin, ZHANG He, WANG Yan, ZHANG Fang-cheng, HE Qi-li, MENG Qing-yong
    2015, 24(1): 1-4. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.001
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    Objective To study the adaptive response of DNA damage on thymocytes induced by low dose radiation of 131I in mice. Methods Doses of D1 and D2 were determinted by the methods of agarose gel electrophoresis and gray value measurement. D1 was the low dose of 131I, D2 was the high dose of 131I that could cause obvious DNA damage on thymocytes. Then the divergence of DNA damage on thymocytes was compared between D1 + D2 group and D2 group. The interval time between D1 and D2 was 12 h. Results According to the results of agarose gel electrophoresis and gray value measurement,the clarity and gray value of DNA ladder were increased with the increasing doses of 131I. D2 was 106 Bq/g. The clarity and gray value of DNA ladder were significantly decreased in D1 + D2 group compared to D2 group. Furthermore, the groups of 102 Bq/g + 106 Bq/g and 103 Bq/g + 106 Bq/g decreased most. Conclusion Low dose radiation of 131I could induce adaptive response of DNA damage on thymocytes in mice.
  • Application of the New Risk Model of Radon-related Lung Cancer
    LIU Wei-wei, YE Chang-qing
    2015, 24(1): 5-9. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.002
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    Objective To study the new excess relative risk model of radon-related lung cancer. Methods ERR1wlm value was calculated with the methods of cubic spline interpolation and logarithmic linear interpolation on the theoretical background. Results The detailed process of the calculation for the probability of causation of radon-related lung cancer was listed out based on the NIH 03-5387 model. Conclusion It was demonstrated that the calculation for the probability of causation used in this paper was reliable and applicable.
  • Problems of Nuclear or Radiation Emergency Medical Rescue System and Countermeasures
    HU Xue-jun, YU Min
    2015, 24(1): 9-12. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.003
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    Objective To analyze and summarize the current problems of muclear or radiation emergency medical rescue system and propose countermeasures. Methods Base on lierature research, case studies were made combined with expert advice. Results In the field of nuclear of radiation emergency medical resue, numerous problems exist like weak awarieness of unexperted deuelopment, imperfect organization, unclear responsibities short of special funds,aging equipment, inperfect anti-emergency plan, imadequate toaining and dritls, and lack of public education. Conclusion Using the existing domestic and international experiencer and lessons, we should continue to improue our nuclear of radiation emergency medical rescue system and respond to the secarity needs of the deuelopment of nuclear applications.
  • Study on the Current Status of Radiation Protection for Medical X-ray Machines Used in the Hospitals of Dezhou City
    CHEN Qian-shu, FENG Zhi-hui, ZHANG You-zhong, LI Min
    2015, 24(1): 13-16. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.004
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    Objective To investigate and analyze the current status of radiation protection for medical X-ray machines used in the hospitals of Dezhou City. Methods On-spot monitoring of radiation protection and investigations of the facilities were made based on the standards of the national laws. Results The qualified rate of average level for radiation protection of medical X-ray machines used in the hospitals at Dezhou City was 96%. And the qualified rate of city-, county-, private-and township-level hospitals was 97.8%、97.2%、94.2% and 91.3% respectively. However, some problems in the facilities for protecting medical diagnostic X-ray machines and personal protection equipment were found, such as the out of service of indicating lamps, lack of warning signs, the losses of ventilation facilities, unqualified room area, unreasonable room layout and improperly equipp ment of personal protective articles. Conclusion The status of radiation protection for medical X-ray machines used in hospitals of Dezhou City was generally good radiation protection in the city-and county-level hospitals was better than that of private-and township-level hospitals. Most problems occurred in township-level hospitals. Our investigation further indicated that enhancing and improving the radiation protection work of hospital of county-level and loucer, especially township-level hospitals, will be focused.
  • Investigation on Classification of Off-site Emergency Planning Zones
    FU Xi-ming, YUAN Long, LIU Ying
    2015, 24(1): 16-19,22. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.005
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    Objective To discuss the purposes and methods of dividing off-site emergency planning zones. Methods According to the safety standards and the technical reports issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the correlative national standards and preplans in China, the dividing of off-site emergency planning zones is analyzed. Results The newly published IAEA technical report supplemented and elaborated the requirements of establishing off-site emergency planning zones. The improvements are based on the new generic dose criteria for protective actions, more sophisticated calculations, and lessons from responses in past emergencies. But the national standards in China need to be improved. Conclusion It is suggested that the national standards be revised according to the IAEA safety standards and technical reports and the specific conditions in China.
  • Measurement and Evaluation of Radiation Dose in the micro-PET Center
    LV Kun-xiang, HE Yong-jun, ZHOU Yao-yuan, HUANG Xu-quan
    2015, 24(1): 40-42. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.016
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    Objective To evaluate the radiation effects to the surrounding environment and the radiation workers and the public in the micro PET Center. Methods By the surrounding pathway radiation level the on-sitemonitoring centers the main radioactive sources of pollution and contamination pathway were analyzed. Results In the operational process of the micro-PET center, the radiation dose to the radiation workers and the public is 0.31 mSv/a and 0.1 mSv/a, causing some radiation to the surrounding environment. Conclusion The impact of the micro-PET project on the environment、the public、the radiation workers is in comformity with the relevant provisions. The radioactive waste by effective treatment can meet the requirements standards to discharge.
  • Preliminary Study on Human Health and Environmental Effect Assessment of Nuclear Facilities
    WANG Meng, PAN Wei, GU Zhi-jie
    2015, 24(1): 52-55,58. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.021
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    Objective At present, there is no technical guildance and elated standard about the effect of nuclear facility environment on human health. In the paper,the evaluation system of the effect of the environment of nuclear facilities on human health was discussed to formulate a preminary research framework. Methods According to the standard format and human health evaluation technical guildance related with the impact of nuclear facility environment,referring to theconsultation paper of the technical guidance of environmental impact of non-nuclear facilities on human health issued by the Ministry of environment protection,the evaluation system was formulated by applying the related content and method of huaman radiation hazard. Results Evaluation was carried out according to the formed evaluation procedure and the health risk evaluation contents. Radiation risk coefficient was determined by the nuclear facilities and population situation,and the evaluation model and parameters. Carcinogenic damage probability of the different body parts was finally calculated by the health evaluation. Mitigation measures was made by the health evaluation results. Conclusion It is of great signicance to carry out human health risk evaluation in decision-making,management and public acceptance of nuclear facilities.
  • The Research of Radiation Injuries Induced by C-arm X Ray Scan
    LI Shi-long, LIU Bo, Chen Wen-zhong, WU Qiu-ji, YU Tao
    2015, 24(1): 56-58. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.022
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    Objective To investigate radiation injuries induced by C-arm X ray scan in mice. Methods 72 healthy male kunming mice were randomly divided into control group, single, twice, four, eight and sixteen times of C-arm X ray scan. The mice were administered with different frequency of C-arm X ray scan; After 24 h, T-AOC,GSH and ROS were detected by T-AOC Assay Kit (ABTS method), GSH Assay Kit and ROS Assay Kit, respectively. The γ-H2AX level in peripheral lymphocytes and bone marrow cells (cell cycle phase) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Compared with control, four, eight and sixteen times of scan increased ROS level, but eight and sixteen times of scan decreased GSH level, sixteen times of scan significantly decreased T-AOC levelin thyroid. Compared with control, four, eight and sixteen times of scan increased γ-H2AX level in peripheral lymphocytes, eight and sixteen times of scan increased γ-H2AX level in bone marrow cells. Compared with control, sixteen times of scan increased the percentages of G0/G1 and G2/M phases, while eight and sixteen times of scan decreased the percentages of S phases. Conclusion C-arm X ray scan produced different degrees of radiation injuries in mice.