|
|
|
| Analysis of uranium concentration in surface water and drinking water in Beijing, China |
| WANG Huan, SUN Yaru, YAO Meinan, BAI Bin, MENG Qinghua, MA Yongzhong |
| Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013 China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Objective To explore the uranium concentration in surface water and drinking water in Beijing, China and the relationship between uranium concentration and gross α activity concentration. Methods Water samples were collected from 16 districts in Beijing. Uranium concentration and gross α activity concentration were measured with WGJ-III trace uranium analyzer and LB6008 six-channel α/β counter using the ultraviolet fluorescence and thick source methods. Results The uranium concentrations in surface water and drinking water were 1.131 and 1.572 μg/L, respectively. The gross α activity concentrations in surface water and drinking water were 0.059 and 0.074 Bq/L, respectively. There were no significant differences in uranium concentration and gross α activity concentration between surface water and drinking water (P > 0.05). The uranium concentration was positively correlated with the gross α activity concentration, with a correlation coefficient of 0.700 (P < 0.05). The gross α activity concentration was determined by the uranium concentration with a determination coefficient of 48%. The committed effective dose of 238U in drinking water was between 3.284×10-5 and 1.640×10-3 mSv, with an average value of 5.400×10-4 mSv. Conclusion The uranium concentration and gross α activity in the surface water and drinking water in Beijing fluctuate and remain in the background range. These values are much lower than the recommended limits of 0.03 mg/L and 0.5 Bq/L stipulated in the GB 5749-2021 Standard for Drinking Water Quality. The annual committed effective dose of 238U through drinking water ingestion is very small.
|
|
Received: 17 July 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 王煦栋, 刘思金, 徐明. 地下水铀污染与饮用水中铀的健康风险[J]. 环境化学,2021,40(6):1631-1642. DOI: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2021021804
Wang XD, Liu SJ, Xu M. Uranium contamination in groundwater and health risks of uranium in drinking water[J]. Environ Chem, 2021, 40(6): 1631-1642. DOI: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2021021804
[2] Romanchuk AY, Vlasova IE, Kalmykov SN. Speciation of uranium and plutonium from nuclear legacy sites to the environment: a Mini Review[J]. Front Chem, 2020, 8: 630. DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00630
[3] 张帅, 哈日巴拉, 格日勒满达呼, 等. 内蒙古巴彦乌拉铀矿周边井水铀含量水平调查[J]. 辐射防护,2023,43(2):137-144
Zhang S, Ha RBL, Ge RLMDH, et al. Uranium content survey of well water around Bayanwula uranium mining area in Inner Mongolia[J]. Radiat Prot, 2023, 43(2): 137-144
[4] 梁波. ICP-MS测定环境水样中痕量铀[J]. 江西化工,2019(3):28-29. DOI: 10.14127/j.cnki.jiangxihuagong.2019.03.009
Liang B. Determination of trace uranium in environmental water samples by ICP-MS[J]. Jiangxi Chem Ind, 2019(3): 28-29. DOI: 10.14127/j.cnki.jiangxihuagong.2019.03.009
[5] 哈日巴拉, 拓飞, 胡碧涛, 等. 巴彦乌拉铀矿周围饮用水中放射性及健康风险[J]. 中国环境科学,2017,37(9):3583-3590. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2017.09.047
Bai HRBL, Tuo F, Hu BT, et al. Radioactivity and health risk of drinking water around Bayanwula uranium mining area[J]. China Environ Sci, 2017, 37(9): 3583-3590. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2017.09.047
[6] 朱寿彭, 李章. 放射毒理学[M]. 苏州: 苏州大学出版社, 2004: 147-148.
Zhu SP, Li Z. Radiotoxicology[M]. Suzhou: Suzhou University Press, 2004: 147-148.
[7] 黄立群, 周文华, 李曙芳, 等. 可溶性铀的内吞外排及对HK-2细胞的损伤研究[J]. 中国辐射卫生,2022,31(1):39-46. DOI: 10.13491/j.issn.1004-714X.2022.01.008
Huang LQ, Zhou WH, Li SF, et al. Cellular endocytosis and exocytosis of soluble uranium and its damage to HK-2 cells[J]. Chin J Radiol Health, 2022, 31(1): 39-46. DOI: 10.13491/j.issn.1004-714X.2022.01.008
[8] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 5750.2—2023 生活饮用水标准检验方法 第2部分: 水样的采集与保存[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2023.
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. GB/T 5750.2—2023 Standard examination methods for drinking water—Part 2: collection and preservation of water samples[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2023.
[9] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 5750.13—2023 生活饮用水标准检验方法 第13部分: 放射性指标[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2023.
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. GB/T 5750.13—2023 Standard examination methods for drinking water—Part 13: radiological indices[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2023.
[10] World Health Organization. Guidelines for drinking-water quality[R]. 4th Ed. Geneva: WHO, 2011.
[11] Sang CH, An W, Sørensen PB, et al. Gross alpha and beta measurements in drinkable water from seven major geographical regions of China and the associated cancer risks[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2021, 208: 111728. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111728
[12] 国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. GB 5749—2022 生活饮用水卫生标准[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2022.
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. GB 5749—2022 Standards for drinking water quality[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2022.
[13] 胡晨剑, 刘长军, 黄国夫, 等. 饮用水水源地水中总铀浓度监测结果分析[J]. 中国辐射卫生,2020,29(6):628-631. DOI: 10.13491/j.issn.1004-714X.2020.06.013
Hu CJ, Liu CJ, Huang GF, et al. Analysis of total Uranium concentration in drinking water source[J]. Chin J Radiol Health, 2020, 29(6): 628-631. DOI: 10.13491/j.issn.1004-714X.2020.06.013
[14] 彭荣飞, 张林, 张静波, 等. ICP-MS测定广州市饮用水中铀及其同位素比值[J]. 中国卫生检验杂志,2012,22(3):456-458
Peng RF, Zhang L, Zhang JB, et al. Determination of uranium and its isotope ratio in drinking water in Guangzhou city by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[J]. Chin J Health Lab Technol, 2012, 22(3): 456-458
[15] Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Uranium toxicity: what are the routes of exposure for uranium?[EB/OL]. [2023-07-15].https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/uranium/exposure_pathways.html.
[16] Balaram V, Rani A, Rathore DPS. Uranium in groundwater in parts of India and world: a comprehensive review of sources, impact to the environment and human health, analytical techniques, and mitigation technologies[J]. Geosyst Geoenviron, 2022, 1(2): 100043. DOI: 10.1016/j.geogeo.2022.100043
[17] 宣志强, 曹艺耀, 俞顺飞, 等. 秦山核电站周围饮用水总放射性水平调查[J]. 预防医学,2016,28(11):1091-1094. DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn1007-0931.2016.11.003
Xuan ZQ, Cao YY, Yu SF, et al. An investigation on total radioactivity in drinking water around operating Qinshan nuclear power plant[J]. Prev Med, 2016, 28(11): 1091-1094. DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn1007-0931.2016.11.003
|
|
|
|
